ABSTRACT
A ceratopigmentação, ou tatuagem do estroma corneano, é método utilizado para tratar cosmeticamente lesões corneanas como leucoma e coloboma traumático de íris. Pode-se realizar a aplicação do pigmento pela micropunção estromal ou associada à ceratectomia ou ceratoplastia lamelar. Demonstramos um caso de tatuagem estromal corneana associada a ceratoplastia lamelar em paciente com leucoma corneano extenso, com irregularidade de superfície, que não tolerava lentes de contato e sem prognóstico visual. Houve também correção do estrabismo divergente no mesmo tempo cirúrgico. Após um ano de seguimento, o pigmento mantém-se impregnado no estroma corneano, proporcionando bom aspecto estético. Em conclusão, a técnica da tatuagem associada ao transplante lamelar da córnea constitui bom método para tratamento cosmético do leucoma central com irregularidades da superfície corneana.
Stromal cornea tattooing has been used for esthetic treatment of corneal scars as leukoma and iris coloboma. The coloring agent can be applied through stromal micropuncture or associated with lamellar keratectomy or keratoplasty. We report a case of stromal tattooing associated with lamellar keratectomy in a patient's eye that had extensive leukoma and irregular corneal surface. Visual acuity in the operated eye was no light perception and the patient did not tolerate the use of cosmetic contact lens. Correction of divergent strabismus was also performed during the surgery. After one year follow-up, the ink is still impregnated in the corneal stroma, giving a good esthetic aspect. In conclusion, the technique of corneal tattooing associated with lamellar keratectomy is a good method for the cosmetic treatment of central leukoma with corneal irregularity.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Corneal Stroma , Corneal Transplantation , Corneal Opacity/surgery , Tattooing , Combined Modality Therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Comparar os valores de triglicérides (TG), colesterol total (CT), lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL) e lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL) entre indivíduos vegetarianos e onívoros. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas amostras sangüíneas de 76 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, que foram separados em quatro grupos de dieta: onívoro, ovolacto, lacto e vegetariano restrito (ou "vegan"). Foram dosados: CT, LDL, HDL e TG. RESULTADOS: Para as taxas de CT, LDL e TG, observa-se diferença significante entre as amostras, sendo o maior valor nos onívoros, havendo decréscimo nos vegetarianos, de acordo com o grau de restrição de produtos de origem animal, sendo a menor taxa observada nos "vegans". A média e o desvio padrão do CT foram de 208,09 ± 49,09 mg/dl no grupo de onívoros, e 141,06 ± 30,56 mg/dl no de vegan (p < 0,001). Os valores de LDL foram, para onívoros e "vegans", respectivamente, 123,43 ± 42,67 mg/dl e 69,28 ± 29,53 mg/dl (p < 0,001). Para o TG, esses valores foram 155,68 ± 119,84 mg/dl e 81,67 ± 81,90 mg/dl (p < 0,01). Com relação à taxa de HDL, não houve diferença entre as amostras, mas a proporção HDL/CT foi significantemente maior nos "vegans" (p = 0,01). CONCLUSÃO: A dieta vegetariana associou-se a menores valores de TG, CT e LDL em comparação com a dieta onívora.
OBJECTIVE: Compare levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) among vegetarians and omnivores. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 76 individuals - both males and females - separated in four different diet groups: omnivores, lacto-ovo vegetarians, lacto vegetarians, and restricted vegetarians (or vegans). Dosing was done for: TC, LDL, HDL and TG. RESULTS: Significant difference was reported for TC, LDL and TG levels among the samples. Higher levels were reported by omnivores, with decreased levels for vegetarians as animal products were restricted, with lowest levels having been reported by vegans. Mean and standard deviation for TC were 208.09 ± 49.09 mg/dl in the group of omnivores, and 141.06 ± 30.56 mg/dl in the group of vegans (p < 0.001). LDL values for omnivores and vegans were respectively: 123.43 ± 42.67 mg/dl and 69.28 ± 29.53 mg/dl (p < 0.001). As for TG, those values were 155.68 ± 119.84 mg/dl and 81.67 ± 81.90 mg/dl (p < 0.01). As for HDL level no difference was reported between the samples, but HDL/TC ratio was significantly higher in vegans (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Vegetarian diet was associated to lower levels of TG, TC and LDL as compared to the diet of omnivores.